Steven Sklifas - Writer Photographer

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  • Athens. Greece. View of the partly restored Propylon or monumental entrance of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The Propylon consisted of four Corinthian columns and flanking it was an imposing Pentelic marble façade adorned on each wing by seven unfluted Corinthian columns. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_008.tif
  • Athens. Greece. An archway stands on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which four standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_040.tif
  • Athens. Greece View of four standing columns which stand on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_031.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of unfluted Corinthian columns on the northern half of the west façade beside the Propylon of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_014.tif
  • Athens. Greece. Church foundation remains near the southern wall of the Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens.  The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_047.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the one (North) of the two Auditoria’s which were on the situated on the eastern side of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The Auditoria were small rooms used for lectures and text reading. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_043.tif
  • Athens. Greece. An archway stands on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which four standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_037.tif
  • Athens. Greece View of four standing columns which stand on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which the four standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_036.tif
  • Athens. Greece View of four standing columns which stand on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which the four standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_033.tif
  • Athens. Greece View of four standing columns which stand on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_028.tif
  • Athens. Greece View of four standing columns which stand on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_027.tif
  • Athens. Greece View of four standing columns which stand on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_023.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the once inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens.  Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which four standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_021.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the once inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens.  Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which the four standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_022.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View from inside the Library of Hadrian complex of the rear of the west wing façade. Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library was built in 131 AD the complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_018.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of unfluted Corinthian columns on the northern half of the west façade beside the Propylon of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_016.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the partly restored Propylon or monumental entrance of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The Propylon consisted of four Corinthian columns and flanking it was an imposing Pentelic marble façade adorned on each wing by seven unfluted Corinthian columns. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_012.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the partly restored Propylon or monumental entrance of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The Propylon consisted of four Corinthian columns and flanking it was an imposing Pentelic marble façade adorned on each wing by seven unfluted Corinthian columns. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_011.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the partly restored Propylon or monumental entrance of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The Propylon consisted of four Corinthian columns and flanking it was an imposing Pentelic marble façade adorned on each wing by seven unfluted Corinthian columns. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_007.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the partly restored Propylon or monumental entrance of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The Propylon consisted of four Corinthian columns and flanking it was an imposing Pentelic marble façade adorned on each wing by seven unfluted Corinthian columns. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_006.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the partly restored Propylon or monumental entrance of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The Propylon consisted of four Corinthian columns and flanking it was an imposing Pentelic marble façade adorned on each wing by seven unfluted Corinthian columns. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_003.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the partly restored Propylon or monumental entrance of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The Propylon consisted of four Corinthian columns and flanking it was an imposing Pentelic marble façade adorned on each wing by seven unfluted Corinthian columns. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_001.tif
  • Athens. Greece. Ruins of some of the 100 columns from the inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens.  The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_048.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the eastern side of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. In picture are the remains of a large central two storey building (Bibliostasio) where books (papyrus scrolls) were kept. On either side were two Auditoria’s which were small rooms used for lectures and text reading. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_046.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the one (North) of the two Auditoria’s which were on the situated on the eastern side of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The Auditoria were small rooms used for lectures and text reading. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_045.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the one (North) of the two Auditoria’s which were on the situated on the eastern side of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The Auditoria were small rooms used for lectures and text reading. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_044.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of floor mosaics dating from the 5th century AD Tetraconch Christian church built on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens.  The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_041.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of floor mosaics dating from the 5th century AD Tetraconch Christian church built on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens.  The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_042.tif
  • Athens. Greece. An archway stands on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which four standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_039.tif
  • Athens. Greece. An archway stands on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which four standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_038.tif
  • Athens. Greece View of four standing columns which stand on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which the four standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_035.tif
  • Athens. Greece View of four standing columns which stand on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which the four standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_034.tif
  • Athens. Greece View of four standing columns which stand on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_032.tif
  • Athens. Greece View of four standing columns which stand on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_030.tif
  • Athens. Greece View of four standing columns which stand on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_029.tif
  • Athens. Greece View of four standing columns which stand on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_026.tif
  • Athens. Greece View of four standing columns which stand on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_025.tif
  • Athens. Greece View of four standing columns which stand on the original inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which standing columns survive. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_024.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the ruins of the inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens.  Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which the four standing columns survive. The courtyard was surrounded by porticos with a total of 100 columns. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_020.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the ruins of the inner peristyled courtyard atrium of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens.  Occupying the courtyard from 425 AD was a monumental Tetraconch Christian church which was then replaced by a 7th century church of which the four standing columns survive. The courtyard was surrounded by porticos with a total of 100 columns. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_019.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View from inside the Library of Hadrian complex of the rear of the west wing façade. Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library was built in 131 AD the complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_017.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of unfluted Corinthian columns on the northern half of the west façade beside the Propylon of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_015.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of unfluted Corinthian columns on the northern half of the west façade beside the Propylon of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_013.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the partly restored Propylon or monumental entrance of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The Propylon consisted of four Corinthian columns and flanking it was an imposing Pentelic marble façade adorned on each wing by seven unfluted Corinthian columns. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_009.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the partly restored Propylon or monumental entrance of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The Propylon consisted of four Corinthian columns and flanking it was an imposing Pentelic marble façade adorned on each wing by seven unfluted Corinthian columns. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_010.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the partly restored Propylon or monumental entrance of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The Propylon consisted of four Corinthian columns and flanking it was an imposing Pentelic marble façade adorned on each wing by seven unfluted Corinthian columns. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_005.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of unfluted Corinthian columns on the northern half of the west façade beside the Propylon of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_004.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the partly restored Propylon or monumental entrance of Roman Emperor Hadrian’s lavish Library built in 131 AD in Athens. The Propylon consisted of four Corinthian columns and flanking it was an imposing Pentelic marble façade adorned on each wing by seven unfluted Corinthian columns. The library complex consisted of a vast library, a large courtyard with a garden and central pool, mosaics floors, numerous rooms and a facade adorned with Corinthian columns.
    Greece_Athens_Hadrians_Library_002.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the National Library building, designed by Theophil Hansen and constructed between 1887-91. The library has a Pentelic marble monumental and stately six columns portico in Doric style which is approached by curving double stairway. The statue in the foreground is of P. Vallianos who financed the building. The library hoses over half million books including richly illuminated manuscripts from the 10 and 11th centuries. The library is part of the trilogy of buildings designed in Athens by the Danish architects, brothers Hans Christian and Theophil Hansen.
    Greece_Athens_General_Sights_016.tif
  • Athens. Greece. View of the National Library building, designed by Theophil Hansen and constructed between 1887-91. The library has a Pentelic marble monumental and stately six columns portico in Doric style which is approached by curving double stairway. The statue in the foreground is of P. Vallianos who financed the building. The library hoses over half million books including richly illuminated manuscripts from the 10 and 11th centuries. The library is part of the trilogy of buildings designed in Athens by the Danish architects, brothers Hans Christian and Theophil Hansen.
    Greece_Athens_General_Sights_017.tif
  • Roman period ancient library dating from the 2nd century AD. Nysa. Turkey. The library originally had three storeys of which two remain and has rows of arched niches in which manuscripts were kept. It is considered the best preserved in Anatolia after the Library of Celsus at Ephesus.
    Turkey_Nysa_085.jpg
  • Roman period ancient library dating from the 2nd century AD. Nysa. Turkey. The library originally had three storeys of which two remain and has rows of arched niches in which manuscripts were kept. It is considered the best preserved in Anatolia after the Library of Celsus at Ephesus.
    Turkey_Nysa_086.jpg
  • Roman period ancient library dating from the 2nd century AD. Nysa. Turkey. The library originally had three storeys of which two remain and has rows of arched niches in which manuscripts were kept. It is considered the best preserved in Anatolia after the Library of Celsus at Ephesus.
    Turkey_Nysa_084.jpg
  • Roman period ancient library dating from the 2nd century AD. Nysa. Turkey. The library originally had three storeys of which two remain and has rows of arched niches in which manuscripts were kept. It is considered the best preserved in Anatolia after the Library of Celsus at Ephesus.
    Turkey_Nysa_083.jpg
  • Roman period ancient library dating from the 2nd century AD. Nysa. Turkey. The library originally had three storeys of which two remain and has rows of arched niches in which manuscripts were kept. It is considered the best preserved in Anatolia after the Library of Celsus at Ephesus.
    Turkey_Nysa_082.jpg
  • Roman period ancient library dating from the 2nd century AD. Nysa. Turkey. The library originally had three storeys of which two remain and has rows of arched niches in which manuscripts were kept. It is considered the best preserved in Anatolia after the Library of Celsus at Ephesus.
    Turkey_Nysa_081.jpg
  • View along the façade of of the Library of Celsus façade. Ephesus. Turkey. The library was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_055.jpg
  • Library of Celsus interior where the books kept in parchment rolls were stored. Ephesus. Turkey. The library was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_056.jpg
  • Ancient Greek inscription found on a wall of the inner room of the reconstructed Library of Celsus. Ephesus. Turkey. The library was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_054.jpg
  • Façade ceiling close-up above the Statue representing virtue (arete) of the Library of Celsus façade. Ephesus. Turkey. The library was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_052.jpg
  • Façade ceiling close-up above the Statue representing virtue (arete) of the Library of Celsus façade. Ephesus. Turkey. The library was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_051.jpg
  • Statue representing virtue (arete) in a lower niche of the Library of Celsus façade. Ephesus. Turkey. The library was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_049.jpg
  • Statue representing wisdom (Sophia) in a lower niche of the Library of Celsus façade. The library was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_045.jpg
  • Roman period ancient library dating from the 2nd century AD. Nysa. Turkey. The library originally had three storeys of which two remain and has rows of arched niches in which manuscripts were kept. It is considered the best preserved in Anatolia after the Library of Celsus at Ephesus.
    Turkey_Nysa_008.jpg
  • Ancient Greek inscription found on a wall of the inner room of the reconstructed Library of Celsus. Ephesus. Turkey. The library was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_053.jpg
  • Statue representing virtue (arete) in a lower niche of the Library of Celsus façade. Ephesus. Turkey. The library was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_047.jpg
  • Statue representing Knowledge (episteme) in a lower niche of the Library of Celsus façade. The library was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_050.jpg
  • Statue representing virtue (arete) in a lower niche of the Library of Celsus façade. Ephesus. Turkey. The library was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_048.jpg
  • Statue representing wisdom (Sophia) in a lower niche of the Library of Celsus façade. The library was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_046.jpg
  • The reconstructed Library of Celsus which is the ancient city’s most famous building. Turkey. Ephesus. It was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_043.jpg
  • The reconstructed Library of Celsus which is the ancient city’s most famous building. Turkey. Ephesus. It was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_041.jpg
  • The reconstructed Library of Celsus which is the ancient city’s most famous building. Turkey. Ephesus. It was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_044.jpg
  • The reconstructed Library of Celsus which is the ancient city’s most famous building. Turkey. Ephesus. It was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_042.jpg
  • The reconstructed Library of Celsus which is the ancient city’s most famous building. Turkey. Ephesus. It was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_001.jpg
  • The reconstructed Library of Celsus which is the ancient city’s most famous building. Turkey. Ephesus. It was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_040.jpg
  • The ruins of the Latin Library (Biblioteca Latina) and the Libraries garden courtyard, Villa Adriana. Tivoli. Italy.  Hadrian’s villa, a private summer imperial retreat, is vast open air museum of some the finest architecture of the Roman world and the Roman Empires largest and richest villa ever built. It is a UNSECO World Heritage Site.
    Hadrians_Villa_Tivoli_Italy_151.tif
  • The reconstructed Library of Celsus which is the ancient city’s most famous building. Turkey. Ephesus. It was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Steven Sklifas_ Ancient History Phot...jpg
  • Rhodes. Greece. Doorway of the 18th century Muslim library of Hafiz Ahmet Aga Knights at the old medieval town of Rhodes.  The old town is a UNESCO world heritage listed site and the best preserved, oldest and largest living medieval city in Europe. The 4km defensive walls were built by the Knights of St John during the 13th to 15th century to defend Western Europe against the expanding Ottoman Empire. Within the walls are a medieval warren of small alleyways and magnificent historical buildings. The island of Rhodes is the largest of the Dodecanese Island group and one of the most popular Greek Islands.
    Greece_Rhodes_Rhodes_Town_063.tif
  • Side. Antalya. Turkey.  View of the east side of the state agora which dates from the 2nd century AD. The ornamental building in view was originally two-storeys’ and richly adorned with statues and is thought to have formed part of a library or Roman imperial palace. The state agora which was square in plan was originally surrounded by Ionic column porticos. The city of Side is situated in the province of Antalya on the southern Mediterranean coast of Turkey.
    Turkey_Side_003.jpg
  • The library foundered by Ti. Flavius Severianus Neon, who was the greatest patron of Sagalassos in the first decades of the 2nd century AD. Sagalassos. Turkey.
    Turkey_Sagalassos_108.jpg
  • The ruins of the Greek Library (Biblioteca Greca), Villa Adriana. Tivoli. Italy.  Hadrian’s villa, a private summer imperial retreat, is vast open air museum of some the finest architecture of the Roman world and the Roman Empires largest and richest villa ever built. It is a UNSECO World Heritage Site.
    Hadrians_Villa_Tivoli_Italy_150.tif
  • The library foundered by Ti. Flavius Severianus Neon, who was the greatest patron of Sagalassos in the first decades of the 2nd century AD. Sagalassos. Turkey.
    Turkey_Sagalassos_113.jpg
  • The library foundered by Ti. Flavius Severianus Neon, who was the greatest patron of Sagalassos in the first decades of the 2nd century AD. Sagalassos. Turkey.
    Turkey_Sagalassos_109.jpg
  • The library foundered by Ti. Flavius Severianus Neon, who was the greatest patron of Sagalassos in the first decades of the 2nd century AD. Sagalassos. Turkey.
    Turkey_Sagalassos_107.jpg
  • The temenos built for Athena, the protecting goddess of the city, is the oldest temple of Pergamum and dates from the 4th century BC. Only parts of the crepidoma survive. To the north (right side) of the temenos are the ruined remains of the library.
    Turkey_Pergamum_Acropolis_069.jpg
  • View of the east side of the state agora which dates from the 2nd century AD. Side. Antalya. Turkey.  The ornamental building in view was originally two-storeys’ and richly adorned with statues and is thought to have formed part of a library or Roman imperial palace. The state agora which was square in plan was originally surrounded by Ionic column porticos. The city of Side is situated in the province of Antalya on the southern Mediterranean coast of Turkey.
    Turkey_Side_148.jpg
  • The temenos built for Athena, the protecting goddess of the city, is the oldest temple of Pergamum and dates from the 4th century BC. Only parts of the crepidoma survive. To the north (right side) of the temenos are the ruined remains of the library.
    Turkey_Pergamum_Acropolis_070.jpg
  • View of the east side of the state agora which dates from the 2nd century AD. Side. Antalya. Turkey.  The ornamental building in view was originally two-storeys’ and richly adorned with statues and is thought to have formed part of a library or Roman imperial palace. The state agora which was square in plan was originally surrounded by Ionic column porticos. The city of Side is situated in the province of Antalya on the southern Mediterranean coast of Turkey.
    Turkey_Side_151.jpg
  • View of the east side of the state agora which dates from the 2nd century AD. Side. Antalya. Turkey.  The ornamental building in view was originally two-storeys’ and richly adorned with statues and is thought to have formed part of a library or Roman imperial palace. The state agora which was square in plan was originally surrounded by Ionic column porticos. The city of Side is situated in the province of Antalya on the southern Mediterranean coast of Turkey.
    Turkey_Side_149.jpg
  • View of the east side of the state agora which dates from the 2nd century AD. Side. Antalya. Turkey.  The ornamental building in view was originally two-storeys’ and richly adorned with statues and is thought to have formed part of a library or Roman imperial palace. The state agora which was square in plan was originally surrounded by Ionic column porticos. The city of Side is situated in the province of Antalya on the southern Mediterranean coast of Turkey.
    Turkey_Side_150.jpg
  • Ruins of the northeast library with niches for book volumes at the Baths of Caracalla Rome Italy. The Baths of Caracalla (Terme di Caracalla), the ancient Roman Public baths and leisure centre, were completed in AD 217 during the reign of the Roman Emperor Caracalla. The Baths of Caracalla are located in the Caelian Hill (Celian Hill) area of Southern Rome.
    Baths_of_Caracalla_Rome_Italy_020.tif
  • Looking across to the ruins of the northeast library with niches for book volumes at the Baths of Caracalla Rome Italy. The Baths of Caracalla (Terme di Caracalla), the ancient Roman Public baths and leisure centre, were completed in AD 217 during the reign of the Roman Emperor Caracalla. The Baths of Caracalla are located in the Caelian Hill (Celian Hill) area of Southern Rome.
    Baths_of_Caracalla_Rome_Italy_008.tif
  • View along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library. Ephesus. Turkey. Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_068.jpg
  • View along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library. Ephesus. Turkey. Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_008.jpg
  • Ruins of the northeast library with niches for book volumes at the Baths of Caracalla Rome Italy. The Baths of Caracalla (Terme di Caracalla), the ancient Roman Public baths and leisure centre, were completed in AD 217 during the reign of the Roman Emperor Caracalla. The Baths of Caracalla are located in the Caelian Hill (Celian Hill) area of Southern Rome.
    Baths_of_Caracalla_Rome_Italy_042.tif
  • Tripoli. Libya.  View through arched coloured windows to the library of the Old French Consulate building located in the Medina.
    LIbya_Tripoli_071.tif
  • View of the east side of the state agora which dates from the 2nd century AD. Side. Antalya. Turkey.  The ornamental building in view was originally two-storeys’ and richly adorned with statues and is thought to have formed part of a library or Roman imperial palace. The state agora which was square in plan was originally surrounded by Ionic column porticos. The city of Side is situated in the province of Antalya on the southern Mediterranean coast of Turkey.
    Turkey_Side_147.jpg
  • View of the east side of the state agora which dates from the 2nd century AD. Side. Antalya. Turkey.  The ornamental building in view was originally two-storeys’ and richly adorned with statues and is thought to have formed part of a library or Roman imperial palace. The state agora which was square in plan was originally surrounded by Ionic column porticos. The city of Side is situated in the province of Antalya on the southern Mediterranean coast of Turkey.
    Turkey_Side_146.jpg
  • View of the east side of the state agora which dates from the 2nd century AD. Side. Antalya. Turkey.  The ornamental building in view was originally two-storeys’ and richly adorned with statues and is thought to have formed part of a library or Roman imperial palace. The state agora which was square in plan was originally surrounded by Ionic column porticos. The city of Side is situated in the province of Antalya on the southern Mediterranean coast of Turkey.
    Turkey_Side_144.jpg
  • View of the east side of the state agora which dates from the 2nd century AD. Side. Antalya. Turkey.  The ornamental building in view was originally two-storeys’ and richly adorned with statues and is thought to have formed part of a library or Roman imperial palace. The state agora which was square in plan was originally surrounded by Ionic column porticos. The city of Side is situated in the province of Antalya on the southern Mediterranean coast of Turkey.
    Turkey_Side_141.jpg
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