Steven Sklifas - Writer Photographer

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  • Turkey. Ephesus.  View of the serene and green reserve on top of the Bulbul Mountain 8 kilometres from the centre of Ephesus where the small stone chapel known as the House of the Virgin Mary is located. It is believed that St John the Evangelist brought Mary with him to Ephesus after the crucifiction of Jesus and that Mary spent the last years of her life here.  According to archaeologists, the building dates from around the 7th century AD, although it’s possible that the foundations that are older may date from the 1st century AD. The shrine, known as the Meryemana Kultur Parki is revered by both Christians and Muslim Pilgrims, and has been visited by Popes Paul VI and John Paul II, and in 2006, Pope Benedict XVI celebrated mass here.
    Turkey-Ephesus_195.jpg
  • Turkey. Ephesus. The small stone chapel known as the House of the Virgin Mary. It is located on the top of the Bulbul Mountain 8 kilometres from the centre of Ephesus. It is believed that St John the Evangelist brought Mary with him to Ephesus after the crucifixion of Jesus and that Mary spent the last years of her life here.  According to archaeologists, the building dates from around the 7th century AD, although it’s possible that the foundations that are older, may date from the 1st century AD. The shrine, known as the Meryemana Kultur Parki is revered by both Christians and Muslim Pilgrims, and has been visited by Popes Paul VI and John Paul II, and in 2006, Pope Benedict XVI celebrated mass here.
    Turkey-Ephesus_191.jpg
  • Turkey. Ephesus. View of a Baptism pond in the vicinity of the small stone chapel known as the House of the Virgin Mary. Located at the serene reserve on top of the Bulbul Mountain 8 kilometres from the centre of Ephesus, it is believed that St John the Evangelist brought Mary with him to Ephesus after the crucifixion of Jesus and that Mary spent the last years of her life here.  According to archaeologists, the building dates from around the 7th century AD, although it’s possible that the foundations that are older may date from the 1st century AD. The shrine, known as the Meryemana Kultur Parki is revered by both Christians and Muslim Pilgrims, and has been visited by Popes Paul VI and John Paul II, and in 2006, Pope Benedict XVI celebrated mass here.
    Turkey-Ephesus_193.jpg
  • Turkey. Ephesus. Special prayers written by pilgrims are placed on the Prayer wall near the House of the Virgin Mary. The house is located on the top of the Bulbul Mountain 8 kilometres from the centre of Ephesus. It is believed that St John the Evangelist brought Mary with him to Ephesus after the crucifixion of Jesus and that Mary spent the last years of her life here.  According to archaeologists, the building dates from around the 7th century AD, although it’s possible that the foundations that are older may date from the 1st century AD. The shrine, known as the Meryemana Kultur Parki is revered by both Christians and Muslim Pilgrims, and has been visited by Popes Paul VI and John Paul II, and in 2006, Pope Benedict XVI celebrated mass here.
    Turkey-Ephesus_192.jpg
  • Turkey. Ephesus.  View of an information board at the entrance to the serene and green reserve on top of the Bulbul Mountain 8 kilometres from the centre of Ephesus where the small stone chapel known as the House of the Virgin Mary is located. It is believed that St John the Evangelist brought Mary with him to Ephesus after the crucifiction of Jesus and that Mary spent the last years of her life here.  According to archaeologists, the building dates from around the 7th century AD, although it’s possible that the foundations that are older may date from the 1st century AD. The shrine, known as the Meryemana Kultur Parki is revered by both Christians and Muslim Pilgrims, and has been visited by Popes Paul VI and John Paul II, and in 2006, Pope Benedict XVI celebrated mass here.
    Turkey-Ephesus_196.jpg
  • Turkey. Ephesus. View of a Baptism pond in the vicinity of the small stone chapel known as the House of the Virgin Mary. Located at the serene reserve on top of the Bulbul Mountain 8 kilometres from the centre of Ephesus, it is believed that St John the Evangelist brought Mary with him to Ephesus after the crucifixion of Jesus and that Mary spent the last years of her life here.  According to archaeologists, the building dates from around the 7th century AD, although it’s possible that the foundations that are older may date from the 1st century AD. The shrine, known as the Meryemana Kultur Parki is revered by both Christians and Muslim Pilgrims, and has been visited by Popes Paul VI and John Paul II, and in 2006, Pope Benedict XVI celebrated mass here.
    Turkey-Ephesus_194.jpg
  • Turkey. Ephesus. The small stone chapel known as the House of the Virgin Mary. It is located on the top of the Bulbul Mountain 8 kilometres from the centre of Ephesus. It is believed that St John the Evangelist brought Mary with him to Ephesus after the crucifixion of Jesus and that Mary spent the last years of her life here.  According to archaeologists, the building dates from around the 7th century AD, although it’s possible that the foundations that are older, may date from the 1st century AD. The shrine, known as the Meryemana Kultur Parki is revered by both Christians and Muslim Pilgrims, and has been visited by Popes Paul VI and John Paul II, and in 2006, Pope Benedict XVI celebrated mass here.
    Turkey-Ephesus_190.jpg
  • The columned parapet in front of the ruins of Temple of Domitian. Turkey. Ephesus. Built in honour of Emperor Domitian between 87 and 96 AD, it is the first temple built in Ephesus that was dedicated to an Emperor. The Temple was originally a two floored building: the first floor was used for warehouses and shops, the second floor on the terrace housed the actual temples. The temple was built in prostyle plan, and had eight columns on the short sides and thirteen columns on the long sides.
    Turkey-Ephesus_124.jpg
  • Turkey. Ephesus. Relief of Medusa with ornaments of acanthus leaves that sits above the door inside the Temple of Hadrian. Located in the heart of Ephesus on Curetes Street, the Temple was built around 138 AD to honour a visit by Roman Emperor Hadrian.
    Turkey-Ephesus_007.jpg
  • Turkey. Ephesus. The small stone chapel known as the House of the Virgin Mary. It is located on the top of the Bulbul Mountain 8 kilometres from the centre of Ephesus. It is believed that St John the Evangelist brought Mary with him to Ephesus after the crucifixion of Jesus and that Mary spent the last years of her life here.  According to archaeologists, the building dates from around the 7th century AD, although it’s possible that the foundations that are older, may date from the 1st century AD. The shrine, known as the Meryemana Kultur Parki is revered by both Christians and Muslim Pilgrims, and has been visited by Popes Paul VI and John Paul II, and in 2006, Pope Benedict XVI celebrated mass here.
    Turkey-Ephesus_189.jpg
  • Turkey. Ephesus. The small stone chapel known as the House of the Virgin Mary. It is located on the top of the Bulbul Mountain 8 kilometres from the centre of Ephesus. It is believed that St John the Evangelist brought Mary with him to Ephesus after the crucifixion of Jesus and that Mary spent the last years of her life here.  According to archaeologists, the building dates from around the 7th century AD, although it’s possible that the foundations that are older, may date from the 1st century AD. The shrine, known as the Meryemana Kultur Parki is revered by both Christians and Muslim Pilgrims, and has been visited by Popes Paul VI and John Paul II, and in 2006, Pope Benedict XVI celebrated mass here.
    Turkey-Ephesus_188.jpg
  • View along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library (in background). Ephesus. Turkey. Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_073.jpg
  • View along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library. Ephesus. Turkey. Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_065.jpg
  • Turkey. Ephesus. Dramatic view from the top tier of the Great theatre of Ephesus which is built on the slopes Mount Pion. Originally built by the Greeks in third century BC during the Hellenistic reign of Lysimachus, the theatre was remodelled and enlarged by the Romans to what is seen today. The tiers could accommodate 25,000 people which made it one of the largest theatres in the Roman world. Used for plays, concerts and gladiatorial events, the theatre is famous for its use by the Bible character St Paul as a place to preach against pagan worship
    Turkey-Ephesus_003.jpg
  • The Basilica Stoa ruins, built in the 1st century AD during the reign of Emperor Augustus. Ephesus. Turkey. Used as a commercial centre of commerce and courthouse, the Basilica was over 160 metres long and had a wooden roof and three naves which were separated by two rows of columns topped by Corinthian capitals. It stands between the Odeon and state Agora.
    Turkey-Ephesus_163.jpg
  • The Odeon or Bouleuterion which dates from the 2nd century AD. Turkey. Ephesus.  The building was used for poetry reciting and staging concerts and also a meeting place for council. It seated 1,400 spectators was probably covered with a wooden roof as no gutters or drains for rain water exist.
    Turkey-Ephesus_144.jpg
  • The Temenos or Rhodian Perstyle courtyard, western section of the Bouleuterion Odeon. Ephesus. Turkey.
    Turkey-Ephesus_132.jpg
  • The monument of Memmius located on the north side of Domitian Square. Ephesus. Turkey. Dating from the 1st century AD during the reign of Augustus, the moment was erected in honour of Caius Memnius, grandson of the Cornelius Sulla, the dictator. The upper section of the monument shows a series of statues portraying members of the Memmius family.
    Turkey-Ephesus_108.jpg
  • Relief of Medusa with ornaments of acanthus leaves decorating the entrance door Tympanum of the Temple of Hadrian. Ephesus. Turkey. Located in the heart of Ephesus on Curetes Street, the Temple was built around 138 AD to honour a visit by Roman Emperor Hadrian.
    Turkey-Ephesus_089.jpg
  • The facade of the Temple of Hadrian with its elegant Corinthian columns and curved arch. Turkey. Ephesus. Located in the heart of Ephesus on Curetes Street, the Temple was built around 138 AD to honour a visit by Roman Emperor Hadrian.
    Turkey-Ephesus_084.jpg
  • Relief of a lounging male figure at the Scholastica Varius Baths. Ephesus. Turkey. The baths was a three storeyed structure including its basement and one of the largest buildings in the city. Originally built in the 1st century AD, the baths take their name from the wealthy woman who had the Baths restored in the 4th century.
    Turkey-Ephesus_081.jpg
  • Turkey. Ephesus. Tourists walking along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library (in rear ). Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_071.jpg
  • Ruins along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library. Ephesus. Turkey. Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_067.jpg
  • Library of Celsus interior where the books kept in parchment rolls were stored. Ephesus. Turkey. The library was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_056.jpg
  • The columned parapet in front of the ruins of Temple of Domitian. Turkey. Ephesus. Built in honour of Emperor Domitian between 87 and 96 AD, it is the first temple built in Ephesus that was dedicated to an Emperor. The Temple was originally a two floored building: the first floor was used for warehouses and shops, the second floor on the terrace housed the actual temples. The temple was built in prostyle plan, and had eight columns on the short sides and thirteen columns on the long sides.
    Turkey-Ephesus_123.jpg
  • Fountain of Domitian with its high arch, right is the columned parapet in front of the Temple of Domitian. Turkey. Ephesus. The fountain of Pollius was built in 97 AD by Caius Sextilius Pollio who was a wealthy nobleman. The Temple of Domitian was built in honour of Emperor Domitian between 87 and 96 AD, it is the first temple built in Ephesus that was dedicated to an Emperor.
    Turkey-Ephesus_121.jpg
  • Relief of Medusa with ornaments of acanthus leaves decorating the entrance door Tympanum of the Temple of Hadrian. Ephesus. Turkey. Located in the heart of Ephesus on Curetes Street, the Temple was built around 138 AD to honour a visit by Roman Emperor Hadrian.
    Turkey-Ephesus_090.jpg
  • The facade of the Temple of Hadrian with its elegant Corinthian columns and curved arch. Turkey. Ephesus. Located in the heart of Ephesus on Curetes Street, the Temple was built around 138 AD to honour a visit by Roman Emperor Hadrian.
    Turkey-Ephesus_086.jpg
  • View along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library. Ephesus. Turkey. Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_068.jpg
  • View along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library. Ephesus. Turkey. Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_008.jpg
  • The facade of the Temple of Hadrian with its elegant Corinthian columns and curved arch. Turkey. Ephesus. Located in the heart of Ephesus on Curetes Street, the Temple was built around 138 AD to honour a visit by Roman Emperor Hadrian.
    Turkey-Ephesus_004.jpg
  • View along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library (in background). Ephesus. Turkey. Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_075.jpg
  • View along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library (in background). Ephesus. Turkey. Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_074.jpg
  • View along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library. Ephesus. Turkey. Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_061.jpg
  • Turkey. Ephesus. Dramatic view from the top tier of the Great theatre of Ephesus which is built on the slopes Mount Pion. Originally built by the Greeks in third century BC during the Hellenistic reign of Lysimachus, the theatre was remodelled and enlarged by the Romans to what is seen today. The tiers could accommodate 25,000 people which made it one of the largest theatres in the Roman world. Used for plays, concerts and gladiatorial events, the theatre is famous for its use by the Bible character St Paul as a place to preach against pagan worship
    Turkey-Ephesus_025.jpg
  • View along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library. Ephesus. Turkey. Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_005.jpg
  • The ruins of the 1st Century AD Baths at the State Agora, built on the site of a Hellenistic Gymnasium. Ephesus. Turkey. It had a network of public lavatories, a frigidarium (cold water), tepidarium (warm water) and caldarium (hot water).
    Turkey-Ephesus_164.jpg
  • A side entrance between the stage and auditorium of the well preserved Odeon or Bouleuterion. Turkey. Ephesus.   Dating from the 2nd century AD, the building was used for poetry reciting and staging concerts and also a meeting place for council. It seated 1,400 spectators was probably covered with a wooden roof as no gutters or drains for rain water exist.
    Turkey-Ephesus_146.jpg
  • Relief of Fortune the Goddess of Fate that decorates the keystone the archway leading into the Temple of Hadrian. Ephesus. Turkey. Located in the heart of Ephesus on Curetes Street, the Temple was built around 138 AD to honour a visit by Roman Emperor Hadrian.
    Turkey-Ephesus_091.jpg
  • The facade of the Temple of Hadrian with its elegant Corinthian columns and curved arch. Turkey. Ephesus. Located in the heart of Ephesus on Curetes Street, the Temple was built around 138 AD to honour a visit by Roman Emperor Hadrian.
    Turkey-Ephesus_088.jpg
  • The facade of the Temple of Hadrian with its elegant Corinthian columns and curved arch. Turkey. Ephesus. Located in the heart of Ephesus on Curetes Street, the Temple was built around 138 AD to honour a visit by Roman Emperor Hadrian.
    Turkey-Ephesus_085.jpg
  • The facade of the Temple of Hadrian with its elegant Corinthian columns and curved arch. Turkey. Ephesus. Located in the heart of Ephesus on Curetes Street, the Temple was built around 138 AD to honour a visit by Roman Emperor Hadrian.
    Turkey-Ephesus_087.jpg
  • View along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library (in background). Ephesus. Turkey. Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_072.jpg
  • View along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library (in background). Ephesus. Turkey. Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_070.jpg
  • View along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library. Ephesus. Turkey. Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_066.jpg
  • View along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library. Ephesus. Turkey. Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_064.jpg
  • View along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library. Ephesus. Turkey. Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_063.jpg
  • Turkey. Ephesus. Dramatic view from the top tier of the Great theatre of Ephesus which is built on the slopes Mount Pion. Originally built by the Greeks in third century BC during the Hellenistic reign of Lysimachus, the theatre was remodelled and enlarged by the Romans to what is seen today. The tiers could accommodate 25,000 people which made it one of the largest theatres in the Roman world. Used for plays, concerts and gladiatorial events, the theatre is famous for its use by the Bible character St Paul as a place to preach against pagan worship
    Turkey-Ephesus_024.jpg
  • The reconstructed Library of Celsus which is the ancient city’s most famous building. Turkey. Ephesus. It was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_043.jpg
  • Turkey. Ephesus. Dramatic view from the top tier of the Great theatre of Ephesus which is built on the slopes Mount Pion. Originally built by the Greeks in third century BC during the Hellenistic reign of Lysimachus, the theatre was remodelled and enlarged by the Romans to what is seen today. The tiers could accommodate 25,000 people which made it one of the largest theatres in the Roman world. Used for plays, concerts and gladiatorial events, the theatre is famous for its use by the Bible character St Paul as a place to preach against pagan worship
    Turkey-Ephesus_023.jpg
  • Portico columns on the North sides of the Tetragonos Agora or Commercial Agora. Ephesus. Turkey.  Originally built in third century BC during the Greek Hellenistic period, the Agora was in a form of a square, 110 meters along each side, surrounded by columned porticoes and shops and in it centre was a water clock and sundial.
    Turkey-Ephesus_012.jpg
  • The Pollio honorific burial monument erected in the 1st century AD. Ephesus. Turkey. In was built in honour of by Caius Sextilius Pollio who was a wealthy nobleman.
    Turkey-Ephesus_118.jpg
  • Relief of Fortune the Goddess of Fate that decorates the keystone the archway leading into the Temple of Hadrian. Ephesus. Turkey. Located in the heart of Ephesus on Curetes Street, the Temple was built around 138 AD to honour a visit by Roman Emperor Hadrian.
    Turkey-Ephesus_092.jpg
  • View along the façade of of the Library of Celsus façade. Ephesus. Turkey. The library was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_055.jpg
  • The reconstructed Library of Celsus which is the ancient city’s most famous building. Turkey. Ephesus. It was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_041.jpg
  • Turkey. Ephesus.  View of a re-erected column and some of the foundations and fragments of the Temple of Artemis. The Temple was one of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world. The temple was destroyed and rebuilt several times from 7th century BC up until the 2nd century AD when it was destroyed for the last time by Goths. The Temple built in the Hellenistic era (2nd century BC) was entirely made of marble and unbelievably almost four times the size of the Parthenon in Athens, with each of its 127 Ionic columns being 17.5 metres high. Some sculptures and fragments of the Temple are on display in the British Museum.
    Turkey-Ephesus_173.jpg
  • The monument of Memmius located on the north side of Domitian Square. Ephesus. Turkey. Dating from the 1st century AD during the reign of Augustus, the moment was erected in honour of Caius Memnius, grandson of the Cornelius Sulla, the dictator. The upper section of the monument shows a series of statues portraying members of the Memmius family.
    Turkey-Ephesus_109.jpg
  • Varius Baths entrance terrace with statue of Scholastica, a wealthy lady who had the Baths restored in the 4th century AD. Ephesus. Turkey. The baths was a three storeyed structure including its basement and one of the largest buildings in the city. Originally built in the 1st century AD, the baths take their name from the wealthy woman who had the Baths restored in the 4th century.
    Turkey-Ephesus_080.jpg
  • The Odeon or Bouleuterion which dates from the 2nd century AD. Turkey. Ephesus.  The building was used for poetry reciting and staging concerts and also a meeting place for council. It seated 1,400 spectators was probably covered with a wooden roof as no gutters or drains for rain water exist. Directly in front of the Odeon is the Basilica and then the State Agora.
    Turkey-Ephesus_140.jpg
  • The fountain of Domitian with its high arch which supported its triangular pediment. Ephesus. Turkey.
    Turkey-Ephesus_120.jpg
  • The beautiful low relief depicting Nike the goddess of Victory and messenger of Zeus. Turkey. Ephesus.  The goddess is depicted in flight and holds a crown of laurels and a bundle of ears of corn.
    Turkey-Ephesus_114.jpg
  • The beautiful low relief depicting Nike the goddess of Victory and messenger of Zeus. Turkey. Ephesus.  The goddess is depicted in flight and holds a crown of laurels and a bundle of ears of corn.
    Turkey-Ephesus_113.jpg
  • Relief of Heracles on a marble pillar at The Heracles Gate which provides pedestrian access to Curetes Street. Ephesus. Turkey. The two marble pillars which look like gate lintels have reliefs depicting Heracles slaying the Nemean Lion, one of his 12 labours. The representation of the gate derives from around the 5th century AD, however the gate is older than that.
    Turkey-Ephesus_101.jpg
  • Relief of Heracles on a marble pillar at The Heracles Gate which provides pedestrian access to Curetes Street. Ephesus. Turkey. The two marble pillars which look like gate lintels have reliefs depicting Heracles slaying the Nemean Lion, one of his 12 labours. The representation of the gate derives from around the 5th century AD, however the gate is older than that.
    Turkey-Ephesus_102.jpg
  • Statute on pedestal along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library. Ephesus. Turkey. Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_069.jpg
  • View along Curetes street which stretches from the Heracles Gate to the Celsus Library. Ephesus. Turkey. Named after a class of priests in Ephesus, the paved street is located in the centre of the city and in its heyday was lined with many fountains, statues, shops and covered columned galleries paved with mosaics.
    Turkey-Ephesus_062.jpg
  • Façade ceiling close-up above the Statue representing virtue (arete) of the Library of Celsus façade. Ephesus. Turkey. The library was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_051.jpg
  • Ruins of the Two storey Doric Basilica on the east side of the  Tetragonos Agora or Commercial Agora. Ephesus. Turkey.  Originally built in third century BC during the Greek Hellenistic period, the Agora was in a form of a square, 110 meters along each side, surrounded by columned porticoes and shops and in it centre was a water clock and sundial.
    Turkey-Ephesus_036.jpg
  • Portico columns on the North sides of the Tetragonos Agora or Commercial Agora. Ephesus. Turkey.  Originally built in third century BC during the Greek Hellenistic period, the Agora was in a form of a square, 110 meters along each side, surrounded by columned porticoes and shops and in it centre was a water clock and sundial.
    Turkey-Ephesus_033.jpg
  • Portico columns on the North sides of the Tetragonos Agora or Commercial Agora. Ephesus. Turkey.  Originally built in third century BC during the Greek Hellenistic period, the Agora was in a form of a square, 110 meters along each side, surrounded by columned porticoes and shops and in it centre was a water clock and sundial.
    Turkey-Ephesus_032.jpg
  • The Basilica Stoa ruins, built in the 1st century AD during the reign of Emperor Augustus. Ephesus. Turkey. Used as a commercial centre of commerce and courthouse, the Basilica was over 160 metres long and had a wooden roof and three naves which were separated by two rows of columns topped by Corinthian capitals. It stands between the Odeon and state Agora.
    Turkey-Ephesus_159.jpg
  • The Basilica Stoa ruins, built in the 1st century AD during the reign of Emperor Augustus. Ephesus. Turkey. Used as a commercial centre of commerce and courthouse, the Basilica was over 160 metres long and had a wooden roof and three naves which were separated by two rows of columns topped by Corinthian capitals. It stands between the Odeon and state Agora.
    Turkey-Ephesus_157.jpg
  • The Basilica Stoa ruins, built in the 1st century AD during the reign of Emperor Augustus. Ephesus. Turkey. Used as a commercial centre of commerce and courthouse, the Basilica was over 160 metres long and had a wooden roof and three naves which were separated by two rows of columns topped by Corinthian capitals. It stands between the Odeon and state Agora.
    Turkey-Ephesus_154.jpg
  • The Basilica Stoa ruins, built in the 1st century AD during the reign of Emperor Augustus. Ephesus. Turkey. Used as a commercial centre of commerce and courthouse, the Basilica was over 160 metres long and had a wooden roof and three naves which were separated by two rows of columns topped by Corinthian capitals. It stands between the Odeon and state Agora.
    Turkey-Ephesus_153.jpg
  • The Odeon or Bouleuterion which dates from the 2nd century AD. Turkey. Ephesus.  The building was used for poetry reciting and staging concerts and also a meeting place for council. It seated 1,400 spectators was probably covered with a wooden roof as no gutters or drains for rain water exist. Directly in front of the Odeon is the Basilica and then the State Agora.
    Turkey-Ephesus_142.jpg
  • The ruins of the Prytaneion. Ephesus. Turkey. Originally dating from the 3rd century BC, the building was remodelled over time and attained it final form during the reign of Roman Emperor Augustus. It consisted of a large central square surrounded by a portico of Ionic columns and houses of the priests whose names are carved into the columns. The city sacred fire was continually burning within its walls and the building functioned as a place to host civic and religious dignitaries and house important events, receptions and banquets.
    Turkey-Ephesus_130.jpg
  • Marble statue base with a relief of Hermes dating from the 3rd century AD. Ephesus. Turkey.
    Turkey-Ephesus_127.jpg
  • Rear view of the Heracles Gate which provides pedestrian access to Curetes Street. Ephesus. Turkey. The two marble pillars which look like gate lintels have reliefs depicting Heracles slaying the Nemean Lion, one of his 12 labours. The representation of the gate derives from around the 5th century AD, however the gate is older than that.
    Turkey-Ephesus_105.jpg
  • Relief of Heracles on a marble pillar at The Heracles Gate which provides pedestrian access to Curetes Street. Ephesus. Turkey. The two marble pillars which look like gate lintels have reliefs depicting Heracles slaying the Nemean Lion, one of his 12 labours. The representation of the gate derives from around the 5th century AD, however the gate is older than that.
    Turkey-Ephesus_103.jpg
  • Large cornice with the dedicatory inscription of the Fountain of Trajan located on Curetes street. Turkey. Ephesus. Dating from the 2nd century AD, the fountain was built in honour of and dedicated to Roman Emperor Trajan.  It originally consisted of two levels rising to a height of 12 metres with a basin surrounded by pillars intersected with statues of divinities named members of the Emperors family.
    Turkey-Ephesus_096.jpg
  • The Fountain of Trajan located on Curetes street. Turkey. Ephesus. Dating from the 2nd century AD, the fountain was built in honour of and dedicated to Roman Emperor Trajan.  It originally consisted of two levels rising to a height of 12 metres with a basin surrounded by pillars intersected with statues of divinities named members of the Emperors family.
    Turkey-Ephesus_093.jpg
  • View of the lower level of the Scholastica Varius Baths. Ephesus. Turkey. The baths was a three storeyed structure including its basement and one of the largest buildings in the city. Originally built in the 1st century AD, the baths take their name from the wealthy woman who had the Baths restored in the 4th century.
    Turkey-Ephesus_082.jpg
  • Varius Baths entrance terrace with statue of Scholastica, a wealthy lady who had the Baths restored in the 4th century AD. Ephesus. Turkey. The baths was a three storeyed structure including its basement and one of the largest buildings in the city. Originally built in the 1st century AD, the baths take their name from the wealthy woman who had the Baths restored in the 4th century.
    Turkey-Ephesus_077.jpg
  • Ancient Greek inscription found on a wall of the inner room of the reconstructed Library of Celsus. Ephesus. Turkey. The library was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_054.jpg
  • Ancient Greek inscription found on a wall of the inner room of the reconstructed Library of Celsus. Ephesus. Turkey. The library was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_053.jpg
  • Façade ceiling close-up above the Statue representing virtue (arete) of the Library of Celsus façade. Ephesus. Turkey. The library was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_052.jpg
  • Arcadian Way or Harbour Street which led from the Great theatre to the harbour (now silted up). Ephesus. Turkey.  The street was over 500 metres long and 11 metres wide. Originally built during the Hellenistic period, the street was restored during the reign of Roman Emperor Arcadius (395-408 AD) whom the street was then named after. It was laid with marble and lined with covered porticoes on each side and even street lighting was provided by a number of lamps.
    Turkey-Ephesus_030.jpg
  • Arcadian Way or Harbour Street which led from the Great theatre to the harbour (now silted up). Ephesus. Turkey.  The street was over 500 metres long and 11 metres wide. Originally built during the Hellenistic period, the street was restored during the reign of Roman Emperor Arcadius (395-408 AD) whom the street was then named after. It was laid with marble and lined with covered porticoes on each side and even street lighting was provided by a number of lamps.
    Turkey-Ephesus_029.jpg
  • The Odeon or Bouleuterion which dates from the 2nd century AD. Turkey. Ephesus.  The building was used for poetry reciting and staging concerts and also a meeting place for council. It seated 1,400 spectators was probably covered with a wooden roof as no gutters or drains for rain water exist. Directly in front of the Odeon is the Basilica and then the State Agora.
    Turkey-Ephesus_009.jpg
  • The reconstructed Library of Celsus which is the ancient city’s most famous building. Turkey. Ephesus. It was built in AD 114 – 117 by Consul Gaius Julius Aquila as a mausoleum for his father, Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, who is buried in a in a tomb under the apsidal wall on the right side of the back wall. The library was one of the wealthiest in the empire and at its peak had more than 12,000 scrolls. The statutes seen in the niches between the doors symbolized wisdom, Sophia, Knowledge (episteme), intelligence (ennoia) and virtue (arte) of Celsus.
    Turkey-Ephesus_001.jpg
  • Turkey. Ephesus.  View of a re-erected column and some of the foundations and fragments of the Temple of Artemis. The Temple was one of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world. The temple was destroyed and rebuilt several times from 7th century BC up until the 2nd century AD when it was destroyed for the last time by Goths. The Temple built in the Hellenistic era (2nd century BC) was entirely made of marble and unbelievably almost four times the size of the Parthenon in Athens, with each of its 127 Ionic columns being 17.5 metres high. Some sculptures and fragments of the Temple are on display in the British Museum.
    Turkey-Ephesus_172.jpg
  • Turkey. Ephesus.  View of a re-erected column and some of the foundations and fragments of the Temple of Artemis. The Temple was one of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world. The temple was destroyed and rebuilt several times from 7th century BC up until the 2nd century AD when it was destroyed for the last time by Goths. The Temple built in the Hellenistic era (2nd century BC) was entirely made of marble and unbelievably almost four times the size of the Parthenon in Athens, with each of its 127 Ionic columns being 17.5 metres high. Some sculptures and fragments of the Temple are on display in the British Museum.
    Turkey-Ephesus_171.jpg
  • Turkey. Ephesus.  View of a re-erected column and some of the foundations and fragments of the Temple of Artemis. The Temple was one of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world. The temple was destroyed and rebuilt several times from 7th century BC up until the 2nd century AD when it was destroyed for the last time by Goths. The Temple built in the Hellenistic era (2nd century BC) was entirely made of marble and unbelievably almost four times the size of the Parthenon in Athens, with each of its 127 Ionic columns being 17.5 metres high. Some sculptures and fragments of the Temple are on display in the British Museum.
    Turkey-Ephesus_169.jpg
  • The ruins of the 1st Century AD Baths at the State Agora, built on the site of a Hellenistic Gymnasium. Ephesus. Turkey. It had a network of public lavatories, a frigidarium (cold water), tepidarium (warm water) and caldarium (hot water).
    Turkey-Ephesus_165.jpg
  • The Basilica Stoa ruins, built in the 1st century AD during the reign of Emperor Augustus. Ephesus. Turkey. Used as a commercial centre of commerce and courthouse, the Basilica was over 160 metres long and had a wooden roof and three naves which were separated by two rows of columns topped by Corinthian capitals. It stands between the Odeon and state Agora.
    Turkey-Ephesus_162.jpg
  • A side entrance between the stage and auditorium of the well preserved Odeon or Bouleuterion. Turkey. Ephesus.   Dating from the 2nd century AD, the building was used for poetry reciting and staging concerts and also a meeting place for council. It seated 1,400 spectators was probably covered with a wooden roof as no gutters or drains for rain water exist.
    Turkey-Ephesus_150.jpg
  • A side entrance between the stage and auditorium of the well preserved Odeon or Bouleuterion. Turkey. Ephesus.   Dating from the 2nd century AD, the building was used for poetry reciting and staging concerts and also a meeting place for council. It seated 1,400 spectators was probably covered with a wooden roof as no gutters or drains for rain water exist.
    Turkey-Ephesus_149.jpg
  • A side entrance between the stage and auditorium of the well preserved Odeon or Bouleuterion. Turkey. Ephesus.   Dating from the 2nd century AD, the building was used for poetry reciting and staging concerts and also a meeting place for council. It seated 1,400 spectators was probably covered with a wooden roof as no gutters or drains for rain water exist.
    Turkey-Ephesus_148.jpg
  • The Odeon or Bouleuterion which dates from the 2nd century AD. Turkey. Ephesus.  The building was used for poetry reciting and staging concerts and also a meeting place for council. It seated 1,400 spectators was probably covered with a wooden roof as no gutters or drains for rain water exist. Directly in front of the Odeon is the Basilica and then the State Agora.
    Turkey-Ephesus_143.jpg
  • Marble statue base with a relief of Hermes dating from the 3rd century AD. Ephesus. Turkey.
    Turkey-Ephesus_126.jpg
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